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Kawasaki disease, also known as infantile skin mucous membrane lymph node syndrome, is an acute vasculitis syndrome in pediatricdepartment. The lesion mainly involves medium and small arteries, particularly the coronary artery, being a major cause of pediatric coronary lesion and also a potential risk factor of coronary heart disease during later adulthood. Here the clinical data and treatment of one case of Kawasaki disease complicated with coronary aneurysm and 4 years later the occurrence of cardiocerebrovascular lesion (CCVL) were retrospectively analyzed, and the related literatures were reviewed and analyzed to approach the clinical characteristics of this disease complications. It is suggested that at early stage regular treatment should be applied and afterwards periodical follow-up should be performed; long-term monitoring coronary changes ought to be carried out to decrease the occurrence of CCVL accident.
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Age-related macular degeneration(AMD) is the major cause of irreversible damage to vision in over 60 years old.Its incidence is increasing with age.Dry AMD is one of the most common types,causing the loss of vision is very slow.At the late stage,the geographic atrophy will be found,in which central vision is severely lost.It is widely believed that chronic inflammantion injury,oxidative stress injury,lipofuscin,drusen and choroid ischemia are the major pathogenesis.Now,the treatment is major aiming to the pathogenesis.But some new therapies such as crocetin,curcumin,ciliary neurotrophic factor,nanoceria,human monoclonal antibody,photoreceptor and stem cell transplantation have some efficiency to dry AMD.This article reviews the research advances in therapy of dry AMD.
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Objective To explore the changes of autophagy in the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-induced activation of renal fibroblasts in vitro.Methods (1) NRK-49F cells were cultured with 10 μg/L TGF-β1 for different times (0,12,24 h) in vitro.Morphological changes of the cells were observed under inverted microscope.The protein expressions of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and type Ⅰ collagen (Col Ⅰ) in NRK-49F cells were measured by Western blotting.(2) NRK-49F cells were cultured with 0,2,5,10,15,20 μg/L TGF-β1 for 1 hour and with 10 μg/L TGF-β1 for different times (0 min,7 min,15 min,30 min,1 h,2 h,4 h,8 h,12 h) in vitro.The protein expressions of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3),p62,total-mammalian target of rapamycin (t-mTor),phospho-mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTor) and Beclin 1 were detected by Western blotting.(3) NRK-49F cells were cultured with 10 μg/L TGF-β1 for different times (0,1,4 h) in vitro after cultured with serum-free medium for 2.5 hours.The protein expressions of LC3 and p62 in NRK-49F cells were measured by Western blotting.Results (1) The morphology of NRK-49F cells changed from stellate to spindle shape after cultured with TGF-β1.The expressions of cell activation markers α-SMA and Col Ⅰ gradually increased as the extend of stimulation time (all P ＜ 0.05).(2) TGF-β1 transiently increased the expressions of autophagy proteins p62 (peak value appeared after 4 h) and p-mTor (peak value appeared after 30 min),while decreased Beclinl expression level (all P ＜ 0.05).(3) TGF-β1 decreased the protein expression of LC3-Ⅱ in NRK-49F cells cultured with serumfree medium,whereas increased the protein expression of p62 at the same time (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The autophagy activity of renal fibroblasts is inhibited by the TGF-β1-induced cellular activation in vitro,which may contribute to the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis.
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OBJECTIVE To analyze 28 cases in an outbreak of neonatal enterovirus nosocomial infection during summer of 2006.METHODS Demographic characteristics,clinical manifestations,laboratory data and outcome were analyzed to reveal the clinical severity.RESULTS The outbreak lasted more than one month and the nosocomial infection rate increased to 6.4%.There were 22 cases(78.6%) first presented with fever.Half of the patients were detected enterovirus from blood or cerebrospinal fluid by PCR.All of the 28 cases were diagnosed enterovirus infection based on the contact history,clinical signs and laboratory results.Among them,ten cases had viral meningitis.All patients discharged home after hospitalization with no sequelae.CONCLUSIONS Although this group of neonatal enterovirus infection developed viral meningitis,they had relatively mild illness with benign clinical course.Extreme vigilance is required in interrupting the spread of nosocomial enterovirus infections in neonatal units.This includes respect of strict hygiene measures and meticulous hand-washing.